Modern management of antimalarial usage and retinopathy

Over the past few years, a number of studies have provided new information about the proper dosage, relative risk, fundus distribution, and screening guidelines for the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ). These are excellent drugs for systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) and rheumatoid diseases, but excessive and prolonged intake can cause irreversible retinopathy. However, the ocular safety profile is very good if the drugs are used wisely. Current standards of care are presented in the 2016 revision of the American Academy of Ophthalmology recommendations for screening, which illustrates findings and is available Open Access. This editorial summarizes the key information.